Phrenology.

Founded by Franz Joseph Gall in the late 18th century, was a pseudoscience that attempted to determine mental traits and intelligence based on skull and facial features.

The practice claimed that mental characteristics could be mapped to specific brain areas, which would then be reflected in skull shape. While completely discredited as a science, phrenology did contribute one valid concept to neuroscience - the idea that different brain regions handle different functions, though not personality traits or intelligence as originally claimed.

Modern research has moved away from these simplistic interpretations, though some studies at Charles University in Prague suggest that people can somewhat accurately assess male (but not female) intelligence based on facial features. However, this bears no relation to the original claims of phrenology.

In short: BS.